Salvinia natans (Small tussock fern)

12 November 2026

Salvinia natans is a small floating fern with paired, oval green leaves and a finely divided submerged frond that resembles roots. It forms a useful surface cover and provides shelter for small aquatic animals, but can quickly shade submerged plants when conditions are favorable. Identification is based on the supplied source label and visible form; closely related Salvinia species can look similar, so confirmation from a specialist may be needed for specimens lacking diagnostic features.

Identification

This fern floats freely rather than rooting in the substrate. Each node typically bears two oval floating leaves and one submerged, finely divided frond that functions like a root system. The upper leaf surface is covered with water-repellent hairs. The supplied name is consistent with these features, although species-level separation within Salvinia may require close examination.

Placement and light

Keep the plant on the water surface with gentle circulation. Moderate light supports compact green growth; very intense light can encourage rapid multiplication and may increase surface crowding. Leave some open water so gas exchange remains possible and submerged plants still receive light.

Water and feeding

Salvinia natans absorbs nutrients mainly from the water column and does not need a planted substrate. Stable aquarium conditions and a modest supply of dissolved nutrients are usually sufficient. Avoid persistent splashing or condensation on the leaves, because wet upper surfaces can deteriorate.

Propagation and maintenance

It spreads by branching and separating into smaller floating portions. Thin the colony regularly by removing excess plants, especially before it covers the entire surface. Remove yellowing or damaged leaves, and check new material for snails, algae, and other hitchhikers before adding it to another aquarium.

Practical considerations

The long submerged fronds provide cover for fry and small invertebrates, but dense growth can restrict light and surface gas exchange. Keep the plant away from strong filter outflows and maintain an uncovered area around floating equipment. Its rapid spread makes responsible disposal important; never release aquarium material into natural waterways.

Plant info

Colors: Green, Light green
Difficulty: Easy
Origin: Europe/Asia
Usage: Supporting plants
Type: Floating fern
Growth rate: Fast
Height: 1-5 cm
Light demand: Medium
CO2: Low

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